@article{Zayonchkovskiy_2017, title={Saray’s silver dangs of Juchid khan of 15-th century with name Muhammad}, url={https://numismatic-journal.com/index.php/journal/article/view/5}, DOI={10.31470/2616-6275-2017-1-75-85}, abstractNote={<p>Progress has been achieved in recent decades in the study of the coins of the Golden Horde&nbsp;at the final stage of its existence. However, the late emissions of Juchid coin of 15-th century are&nbsp;still insufficiently studied. This prevents the full use of numismatic sources for the adequate&nbsp;reconstruction of political events of that turbulent time. The paper is aimed at the publication and preliminary analysis of the main types of Saray’s&nbsp;silver dangs of Juchid khan of 15-th century with name Muhammad.&nbsp;These issues are very poorly represented in scientific articles: of nine types analyzed in the&nbsp;paper only one was properly published with graphic reconstruction of dies.&nbsp;For the first time dangs, which are the subject of this article, were mentioned (without&nbsp;graphic reconstructions) in the famous work of Hh.M. Frähn “Recensio numorum&nbsp;Muhammedanorum”, published in 1826. In A.K. Markov’s “Inventory Catalog of Muslim Coins of&nbsp;the Imperial Hermitage” (1896) there is no mention of the Saray’s dangs of either UlughMuhammad&nbsp;or Muhammad b. Timur. In 2004 V.P.Lebedev and V.B. Klokov had information about 8 coins, which are the subject of this article, and attributed these dangs to the issues of&nbsp;Ulugh-Muhammad. Enlarged photographic images of silver coins with metrology (most of which are first&nbsp;introduced into scientific circulation) of Juchid khan of 15-th century with name Muhammad are&nbsp;presented in the article.&nbsp;Nine types of late Juchid silver dangs with the name and titles of khan Muhammad on the&nbsp;obverse and the designation of mint on the reverse as Saray, Saray al-Jadida, Saray al-Mahrusa are&nbsp;published. Reconstruction and translation of monetary legends, as well as preliminary analysis of&nbsp;emissions, are given.&nbsp;The place of issue on the coins is indicated as a Saray (without the epithet or with al-Jadida&nbsp;or al-Mahrusa). But this fact alone does not allow to state with complete confidence that these&nbsp;dangs were minted there. With regard to the silver emissions of the XIV century, it is proved that&nbsp;the coins in some cases weren’t minted where it is written on their reverses. A similar situation&nbsp;could have take place in the XV century. According to the information reported to the author, the&nbsp;coins published in the paper were unearthed on vast spaces that once were the territory of the&nbsp;Golden Horde – from Moldova to Siberia without any apparent concentration in one region, which&nbsp;may not be surprising paying attention to the rarity of the coins. At the present level of our&nbsp;knowledge, the place of minting of these coins can not be reliably established.&nbsp;It can be affirmed that most of the silver dangs, that are the subject of this paper, have a&nbsp;weight in the range from 0.66 to 0.96 g.&nbsp;None of the published coins carries the date, which creates the problem of dating these&nbsp;issues. Taking into account all facts, the author thinks that it is possible to date most of the&nbsp;reproduced dangs as 822-the mid of 830-s AH.&nbsp;Who was that Muhammad-khan, on whose behalf the published coins were issued?&nbsp;Historiography was dominated until recently by the viewpoint formulated by V.P. Lebedev and&nbsp;V.P. Klokov, that in the case of different Muhammads an understanding was already reached on&nbsp;the issue how they called themselves on coins: Ulugh-Muhammad – simply Muhammad, Boraq –&nbsp;Muhammad-Boraq, Küchük-Muhammad – Muhammad b. Timur. It was established on the&nbsp;numismatic material by Yuriy Zayonchkovskiy that on dangs of Küchük-Muhammad his name&nbsp;can be written as Muhammad b. Timur or simply as Muhammad. Thus, the absence of nasab on a&nbsp;coin is not a sufficient basis for classifying a coin for Ulugh-Mukhammad. In view of what has&nbsp;been said, it can be stated that published dangs can’t be automatically attributed to&nbsp; UlughMukhamad’s&nbsp;emissions.&nbsp;The proposed article is an important step to make attribution of published coins more precise.&nbsp;The author hopes that a full introduction of these interesting dangs into the scientific study can&nbsp;activate the discovery and research of relevant numismatic sources, will allow to find the missing&nbsp;answers and, if necessary, to specify (and possibly correct) the theses presented in the paper.</p&gt;}, number={1}, journal={The Ukrainian Numismatic Annual}, author={Zayonchkovskiy, Yuriy}, year={2017}, month={Dec.}, pages={75-85} }